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Endometrial Carcinoma

A headshot of a senior woman of South Asian descent, smiling softly at the camera.

If you or someone you know has been diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma, you may be trying to learn as much as possible about the disease and its treatments. Read on to find out more.

The information on this website should be discussed with your healthcare professional and does not replace their advice.

What is endometrial carcinoma?

Doctors have traditionally grouped endometrial cancers into two main types, depending on how strongly the cancer is linked to the hormone oestrogen. One type tends to grow in response to oestrogen, while the other type does not.

An icon depicting the uterus, with an encircled number 1 sitting next to the uterus.

Type 1 cancers

  • Cancer is associated with oestrogen
  • Most common
  • Usually grow slowly
  • Most are adenocarcinomas, which start in the gland cells lining the uterus
An icon depicting the uterus, with an encircled number 2 sitting next to the uterus.

Type 2 cancers

  • Cancer is less associated with oestrogen
  • Less common than type 1 cancers
  • Usually grow faster than type 1 cancers
  • More likely to spread than type 1

Doctors can sometimes look for certain changes in the cancer’s genes under a microscope using a sample from a cancer. Based on these changes, endometrial carcinomas can be further categorised into four main molecular groups (subtypes).
Knowing the subtype may help your doctor recommend whether treatment is needed after surgery, and if so, which treatment. The four subtypes are: 

  • POLE mutant cancers
  • mismatch repair deficient (MMRd) cancers
  • p53 abnormal cancers
  • no specific molecular profile (NSMP) 

As with all cancers, treatment options vary based on a variety of factors. Some of the things that are taken into consideration include the type and stage of the cancer as well as your general health and personal preferences.

Deciding which treatment is most appropriate is a shared process between you and your healthcare team. One treatment option that may be considered is immunotherapy. Immunotherapy works by helping your immune system fight your cancer.

Treatment with KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab)

KEYTRUDA is an immunotherapy that may be used to treat certain patients with endometrial carcinoma:

  • KEYTRUDA may be used with chemotherapy, and then may be used alone, in adults when your cancer has spread or if your cancer has returned. However, KEYTRUDA is not funded for the treatment of these patients, which means you will need to pay for the full cost of the medicine and its administration.
  • KEYTRUDA may be used with targeted therapy when your cancer has spread and you have received prior treatment for your cancer and it is no longer working, and your cancer cannot be cured by surgery or radiation. However, KEYTRUDA is not funded for the treatment of these patients, which means you will need to pay for the full cost of the medicine and its administration.

To determine if KEYTRUDA is a suitable option for you, please consult your doctor.

References:

American Cancer Society. What Is Endometrial Cancer?
Available at: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/about/what-is-endometrial-cancer.html
Accessed on 04/09/2025

Cancer Council Australia. 2025. Understanding Cancer of the Uterus. A guide for people with cancer, their families and friends.
Available at: https://www.cancer.org.au/assets/pdf/understanding-uterus-cancer-booklet
Accessed on 11/12/2025

American Cancer Society. Understanding Your Options for Cancer Treatment.
Available at: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/preparing-for-treatment.html
Accessed on 19/10/2025

National Cancer Institute. NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. Immunotherapy.
Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/immunotherapy
Accessed on 17/06/2019

KEYTRUDA Data Sheet

KEYTRUDA Consumer Medicine Information

NZ-KEY-00875v4. TAPS DA 2515 PC TAPS NP24024. Last updated March 2026.